Beerenberg is a 2,277Â m (7,470Â ft) stratovolcano which forms the northeastern end of the Norwegian island of Jan Mayen. It is the world's northernmost subaerial active volcano. The volcano is topped by a mostly ice-filled crater about 1Â km (0.6Â mi) wide, with numerous peaks along its rim including the highest summit, Haakon VII Toppen, on its western side.
The upper slopes of the volcano are largely ice-covered, with several major glaciers including five which reach the sea. The longest of the glaciers is the Weyprecht Glacier, which flows from the summit crater via a breach through the northwestern portion of the crater rim, and extends about 6Â km (4Â mi) down to the sea.
Beerenberg is composed primarily of basaltic lava flows with minor amounts of tephra. Numerous cinder cones have been formed along flank fissures.
Its most recent eruption took place in 1985, with prior eruptions in 1973 and 1970, all of which were flank eruptions from fissures on the northeast side of the mountain. Other eruptions with historical records occurred in 1732, 1818, and 1851.
Its name means "Bear Mountain" in Dutch, and it takes its name from the polar bears seen there by Dutch whalers in the early 17th century.
See also
- List of volcanoes in Norway
- List of mountains in Norway by prominence
References
External links
- Jan Mayen Homepage, including general info, photos, blog, and webcam
- Beerenberg Expedition 2008 Pictures
- Pictures and a map of Beerenberg
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