Chinese Academy of Sciences

The Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS; Chinese: 中国ç§'学院), with roots in the Academia Sinica of the Republic of China, is the national academy for the natural sciences of the People's Republic of China. Collectively known as the "Two Academies (两院)" along with the Chinese Academy of Engineering, it is an institution of the State Council of China, functioning as the national scientific thinktank and academic governing body, providing advisory and appraisal services on issues stemming from the national economy, social development, and science and technology progress. It is headquartered in Beijing, with branch institutes all over mainland China. It has also created hundreds of commercial enterprises, with Lenovo being one of the most famous.

Organization

The Chinese Academy has its roots from Academia Sinica, founded in 1928 by the Guomindang Nationalist Government. After the Communist Party took control of mainland China, Academia Sinica was renamed Chinese Academy of Sciences. The Chinese Academy of Sciences has six academic divisions:

• Mathematics and Physics (数学物理学部)
• Chemistry (化学部)
• Life Sciences and Medical Sciences (ç"Ÿå'½ç§'å­¦å'ŒåŒ»å­¦å­¦éƒ¨)
• Earth Sciences (地学部)
• Information Technological Sciences (信息技术ç§'学部)
• Technological Sciences (技术ç§'学部)

The CAS has thirteen regional branches at Beijing, Shenyang, Changchun, Shanghai, Nanjing, Wuhan, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Kunming, Xi'an, Lanzhou, Hefei and Xinjiang. It has over one hundred institutes and two universities (the University of Science and Technology of China at Hefei, Anhui and the University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing). Backed by institutes of CAS, UCAS is headquartered in Beijing, with graduate education bases in Shanghai, Chengdu, Wuhan, Guangzhou and Lanzhou, four Science Libraries of Chinese Academy of Sciences, three technology support centers and two news and publishing units. These CAS branches and offices are located in 20 provinces and municipalities throughout China. CAS has invested in or created over 430 science- and technology-based enterprises in eleven industries including eight companies listed on stock exchanges.

Being granted a Fellowship of the Academy represents the highest level of national honor for Chinese scientists. The CAS membership system includes Academicians (院士), Emeritus Academician (荣誉院士) and Foreign Academicians (外籍院士).

• Current President: Bai Chunli

Research Reputation and Ranking

Based on the number of papers published in Nature and/or Nature monthly research journals, the Chinese Academy of Science ranks 6th in the world by Nature Publishing Index (2013), by Nature Publishing Group.

List of presidents

1. Guo Moruo (郭沫若): 1949â€"1978
2. Fang Yi (方毅): 1979â€"1981
3. Lu Jiaxi (卢嘉é"¡): 1981â€"1987
4. Zhou Guangzhao (å'¨å…‰å¬): 1987â€"1997
5. Lu Yongxiang (è·¯ç"¬ç¥¥): 1997â€"2011
6. Bai Chunli (白春礼): 2011â€"incumbent

Research Institute

• Beijing Branch
  • Institute of Physics
  • Institute of Theoretical Physics
  • Institute of High Energy Physics
  • Institute of Biophysics
  • National Astronomical Observatories
  • Institute of Computing Technology
  • Institute of Software
  • Institute of Automation
  • Beijing Institute of Genomics
  • Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology
  • National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
  • Institute of Policy and Management
  • Institute of Psychology
• Guangzhou Branch
  • South China Botanical Garden
• Kunming Branch
  • Kunming Institute of Botany
  • Kunming Institute of Zoology
  • Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden
  • Institute of Geochemistry
  • Yunnan Astronomical Observatory
• Shanghai Branch
  • Shanghai Institute of Microsystem & Information Technology
  • Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics
  • Shanghai Institute of Optics and fine Mechanics
  • Shanghai Institute of Ceramics
  • Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
  • Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics
  • Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences
  • Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica
  • Institut Pasteur of Shanghai
• Shenyang Branch
  • Institute of Metal Research
  • Shenyang Institute of Automation
  • Shenyang Institute of Applied Ecology, formerly the Institute of Forestry and Pedology
  • Shenyang Institute of Computing Technology
  • Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
  • Qingdao Institute of Oceanology
  • Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
  • Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research
• Wuhan Branch
  • Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics

Scientific integrity

On 26 February 2007, the CAS published a Declaration of Scientific Ideology and set up a commission for scientific integrity to promote transparency, autonomy and accountability of scientific research in the country. The Ministry of Science and Technology had at the same time also initiated measures to address misconduct in state-funded programs.

Publications

Together with the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the academy publishes the peer-reviewed academic journal, Science China (also known as Science in China). Science China comprises seven series:

• A: Mathematics
• B: Chemistry
• C: Life Sciences
• D: Earth Sciences
• E: Technological Sciences
• F: Information Sciences
• G: Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy

Awards

Since 1999 the CAS has issued the annual State Preeminent Science and Technology Award, presented by the President of China to the recipient.

See also

• Science and technology in China
• Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
• Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences
• Chinese Academy of Engineering
• University of Science and Technology of China
• University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
• ShanghaiTech University
• History of science and technology in the People's Republic of China
• International Journal of Software and Informatics (IJSI)
• Scientific publishing in China
• International Society of Zoological Sciences
• Academia Sinica (Taipei, Taiwan)

References

External links

• Official website (English)